High-speed rotary and draw works



March 16 1926. v 1,577,016 l E. W. GOESER ET AL HIGH SPEED ROTARY ANDDRAW woRKs Filed Nov. 19, 1925 4 sheets-sheet 1 IN VEN TORJ'.

MM ATTORNEYS,

March 16,1926. 1,577,016v

E. W. GOESER ET AL HIGH SPEED ROTARY AND DRAW WORKS Filed Nov. 19, 1923'4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS.

l TToRNEYs Marh 16,1926. 1,577,01@

` E. W. GOESER Er AL HIGH SPEED ROTARY AND DRAW wonxs Nov. 19 192s 4shee t s A INVENTORS.

ai MM ,477711 March -16 1926. 1,577,016

Y E. w. GoEsER E-r AL HIGH SPEED ROTARY AND DRAW WORKS A Filed Nov. 19,1923 4 shets-sheet 4 INVENToRS.

Enig/'12 ZJ oeSeJ; 5- BY CVz/czmf CDI/FZ@ 1 \f MM ATTORNEYS PatentedMar. 16, (1926.

y UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE EDWIN W. GOESER, OF LOS ANGELES, ANDWILLIAM C. MCDUFFIE, 0F HOLLYWOOI), CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS TO UNION TOOLCOMPANY, OF TORRANCE, lCALIFORNIA,

A `(OIRLIEOIB'ATION OF CALIFORNIA.

nien-SPEED ROTARY AND DRAW wonxs.

j Application 'led Nbvember 19,` 1923. Serial No. 675,529.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN W. GoEsER and WILLIAM C. MCDUFFIE, citizensof the United States, residi ng'at Los Angeles and Hollywood, LosAngeles, respectivelyin the county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented a new and useful High- Speed Rotary and DrawWorks, of which the following is a specification. Y

This invention relates to rotary drilling apparatus for drilling oil andgas wells. Such apparatus 4usually includes a mechanism known as arotary draw works which 'includes av rotary drum carrying a cable whichruns up to the crown block and thence downwardly to attach to the drillstem and v support the same at a point above the rotary Y table. Thisldrum enables the drill stem to be raised or lowered by power atwill` ,AOn occasions it would be advantageous if it were possille to give thedrill a very slight movement p or down in the well, but it is, ofcourse, impossible to do this with the power drive for 'the drum of thedraw works. has been discovered that if a rotary drill bit is driven ata relatively high speed it is less apt to be twisted'oii' than whendriven at a relatively lowspeed. For this reason itis desirable` todrive such a bit at a higher speed than has heretofore been customary.However, this would necessitate runningthe engine at a higher speedthanis practicable. Furthermore, the teeth -of the' gear carried by therotaryv table are usuallymade of cast iron and itwould notv be feasibleto drive such a gear at this relatively high speed referred to above.

The generalobject of this invention is to overcome these d i'culties andto provide simple means to enable vthe drum to beI rotated at will ,byhand instead of by power, andat a relatively l-ow Speed, to enable thedriller to raise or lowerthejtool at the bottom -of the well; also toprovide simple means for enabling the powerto drive the rotary table anddrill at a higher speed 'without increasing thel speed ofthe Iengine,and

to accomplish this without disturbing the regular alinement of theshafting that drives the rotary table from the engine. One of theobjects of the invention also'is to provide a. construction for therotarytable which' ItA will enable it to be driven safely at a speedhigher than any speed now employed forJ driving such a table.

Further objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel parts and combination of parts to bedescribed hereinafter, all of which contribute to produce an eflicienthigh speed rotary draw works.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in the followingspecication while Athe broad scope of the invention is pointed out inthe appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation partially` broken away illustrating arotary draw4 works and a rotary drill table with their contiguousmechanism.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section upon an enlarged scale passing through oneedge of the rota-ry drill table.

, Fig. 3 is a plan and partial section illustrating thefshafting fordriving the drill table from the engine; this View particularlyillustrates .the step-up gearing for driving the rotary table at annincreased speed ratio.

Fig.y 4 is a vertical section taken about on the line 4 4 yof 'Figure 3.

Fig. -5 is a vertical section on the line 5 5 of Figure 3. y

Fig. 6 is a sideelevation partially broken away and partially shown insection illustrating themechanism at the end of the rotary draw worksfor enabling the drum to be rotated at will by hand."

taken about Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken about inv vtheplane ofthe line 7 7 vof Figures 6 and 8, and particularly illustrating detailsof a.

`wormland wheel through which thehand force is applied to rotate thedrum.

- Fig. 8 is a lan and partial section taken about on the linel88 ofFigure 6 andparticularly illustrating details of the clutch means whichenables a" hand operated me'm'- ber to be connected to the drum at will.Y,

Fig. 9 is a section taken onl the l1ne 9-9 .of Figure 8'upon an enlargedscale, and` particularly illustrating details of the hand power clutchmeans.

. The drilling apparatus includesa rotary table 1 which isrotatably-mounted on the` fioor 2 of a derrick. On one side of thisderrick a rotary draw works mechanism 3 is provided including a rotarydrum 4 mounted Von a drum shaft 5'. The drum is rigid on the drum shaftand the drum shaft may be rotated by power from a line shaft 6 through asprocket chain 7 .connecting sprocket wheels 8 and 9 alining with eachother, see Figure 6.

We provide means for disconnecting the power drive to the drum at willand this means may consist of a clutch l0 having a relatively fixedclutch member 11 which may be formed as a hub of vthe sprocket wheel 9and including a relatively movable clutch member 12 which is mounted toslide on the shaft 5, being driven continuously by Aa spline 13. Thisclutch may be opened or closed at will by means of a usual clutch lever14.

We provide hand actuated mechanism for rotating the drum 4 at will whenthe power clutch 10 is open. For this purpose we prefer to extend theshaft 5 beyond its bearing 15, see Figure 6, and on the extension of theshaft we provide a loose worm wheel 16, associated with which we providea handpower clutch 17 including a relatively fixed clutch member18'formed as a hub on the Worm wheel and a sliding clutch member 19splned on the shaft and operatable at will by a treadle controlledclutch lever 20. The hand actuated mechanism further includes a worm 21meshing with the worm wheel and this worm may be driven by a handoperated member such as a hand wheel 22, see Figure 7. If desired thehand wheel 22 ma be attached directly to the shaft 23 of the worm but weprefer to provide two speeds for driving the drum shaft by hand, that isto say, we prefer to provide a relatively slow hand driving gear trainfor rotating the drum in a direction to raise the tool slowly, and asecond gear train which may be conneotedfup to enable the tool to belowered in the well at a somewhat higher speed than 1t is raised. Inorder to accomplish this we provide hand clutch means 24, see Figures 8and 9, a'nd we provide two gear trains, either of which may be connectedoperative1 liv yto the worm wheel 16. IVe shall iirst escribe therelatively low speed gear train `which is used for raising thel drill byhand.V 'Ihls gear train includes a pinion 25 formed on a hollowspindle'26 adjacent to which the hand wheel 22 is loosely mounted. Thispinion 25 meshes with a gear wheel 27 loosely mounted on a fixed stud 28and having a tubular shaft formed into a pinion 29 which meshes with agear Wheel 30 rigidly secured to the shaft 23 of the worin. The handwheel 22 iskeyed to a tubular inner 1shaft 31 dis osed within the s haft31. Between the tu ular shaft 3l andthe outer tu bular shaft 26 weprovide a special clutch corresponding Vto this gear train, and thisspecial clutch comprises a` drum or clutch wheel 32 which is rigid onthe outer shaft 26. Rigid on the inner shaft 31 We provide a clutchwheel 33 which is of considerably smaller diameter than the innerdiameter of the wheel or drum 32, see Figure 9. In the space between theouter face of the wheel 33 and the inner face of the rim of the drum 32,we provide an expansion ring 34 which is split at one point to receivean expansion head 35 which is of wedge form so that its side faces comeagainst inclined faces 36 formed at the ends of the expansion ring.. Theex pansion head 35 is carried on the end of an expansion pin 37 and thispin can be shoved outwardly at will by means of a hand con trolledsliding pin or key 3S, see Figure S. This pin 38 slides freely in thebore of the inner tubular shaft 31 and has an inclined face 39 on itsside which engages the inner end of the clutch pin 37. By shoving 4thispin in, the face 39, which is of cam form, will operate to shove lthepin 37 outwardly and this produces an expansion of the expansion ringthrough the operation of the expansion head 35.

The clutch means 24 includes another special clutch 40 which is similarin construction to the clutch already described, but this clutch isassociated with a gear wheel 41 carried on a short sleeve v42 which issimilar to the shaft 26. In other words the rim of this gear wheel 41performs the function of the drum 32 ofthe other clutch. It is alsoprovided with teeth which mesh with the pinion 29 already described. Inthis way, if the pin or key 38 is put in a proper position, a wedge head43 oorrespending to this clutch 40 will close this clutch at the sametime opening the clutch at 32. In other words to close the clutch 40 thepin 38 should be pulled out so that the cam formed on the inner end ofthe pin 38 shoves the expansion head 43 out; when the pin 38 is in thisposition the cam face 39 will release the pin 37 so that the otherclutch will be open.

Referring to Figure 1, the cable is indicated by the dotted line 44,running up to the crown block and hanging down at the point indicated bythe line 45 on the axis of the well so as to be secured to the upper endof a drill string which passes down through the rotary table l.

The engine which furnishes the powcrfor` driving the rotary drum and therotary table is located over to the left as viewed in Fig- 'ure *1, andthe engine .drives .the sprocket chain 46 which drives the aforesaidcounter shaft 6.`

Shafting is provided for driving the rotary table 1 from the engine andthis shafting is usually driven through a beveled gear 47, see Figurekl,carried by a driving shaft 48 which passes under the drum 4 and is inalinement with the center of the rotary table. Between the rotary tableand the r0- tary draw Works, we provide step-up speed mechanism so thattheshaft 48 will drive the rotary table at an increased speed ratio. Therotaryy table is provided with a bevel gear or gear `ring 49, the teethof which mesh with a pinion 50 carried on a driven shaft 51, which is inalinement with the driving shaft 48 and extends toward the center of thetable, see Figure 3. At the adjacent ends of the shafts 48 and 5 1,which substantially abut againsteach other, we pro` vide step up gearingso that the driven shaft 51 will .be driven at a higher speed than`ly 56carried on the driven shaft- 51. All ofv the shafting may be mounted insuitable roller bearings, and the bearingsand gears may all be enclosedin a suitable gear case 57 including a removable cover 58, see Figure5.y

The rotary drill table rotates on hardened steel balls 59, vsee Figure3,'which`run in a suitable ball race. For a high speed such as used fordriving this rotary table, we

- prefer balls to rollers.

The high speed employed for driving the. beveled gear or gear ring 49makes it impossible to use the usual beveled gear made of a casting andhaving separate teeth secured to the body of thering. In order toovercome this objection'weprovide a construction for the table, such' asthat illustrated in"'Figure 2, in .which the gear ring 49 is formed of aforging or'ofcast steel. This ring and the body 60 of the rotary tableare .constructed in such a Way as to permit the ringto be shrunk ontothe body. In order to accomplish this and provide for resisting upwardthrust which may be imparted to the ring by ,the teeth of thedrivingpinion 50, we provide the body 60`of the rotary table' with asubstantially cylindrical face 6l below which we provide a relativelyWide yshoulder62 which operates as a seat for the ring 49. Near theupper face `63 of the table, we provide a relatively narrow annular'shoulder 64, see Figureg2. By heating the ring 49`to a high temperatureits inner diameterwill increase sufficiently to enable it to pass overtheshoulder .64. The ring will then be shoved down onto its seat 62 andwhen it'cools a shoulder upon `it corresponding to theshoulder 64 willengage with the shoulder 64 and prevent any possibility of the ring 49being displaced upwardly on the body of the rotary table. The teeth 65of the ring 49 'are made/integral with the ring'and are cut in the ringby gear critters or hobbing tools. l

We shall now briefly describe the general mode of .operation of themechanism. Through the chain 46 the engine drives the line shaft 6 andthis motion is imparted to the rotary drum shaft 5 through the sprockefJchain 7 and sprocket wheels 8 and 9, sec Figure 6.

When it is desired to raise or lower thc 25 to the gear 27, and throughthe pinion 29 i to the gear Wheel 30 on the worm 21. The rotation of theAworm will rotate the worm Wheel 16, andthe rotation of'this Worm Wheelywill be impa-lted through the clutch member-,19 to the drum shaft 5, totake up l.the cable.

1 Tf. the pin 38 is pulled out instead of being shoved i:nas described,the clutch at 40 will be closed so that the gear wheel 41 will rotatethe pinion 29 which operates as an idler to drive the gear wheel 30,operating to drive the worm 21 at a relatively higher speed, in adirection to pay out the cable.

The engine drives t-he shaft 48 which extends under` the drum 3, andthrough the gears`54, 53,55 and 56 the driven shaft 51 I is driven.I ata higher speed ratio, thereby enabling the pinion 50 to drive the rotarytable at a higher speed than-Would be possible if it were drivendirectly from the enme. s t

g The fact that the driving shaft 48 is in alinement with the drivensha-ft 51, with both of these shafts on a line passing throughthecenter4 of the rotary table, it is evident that no change isnecessary for this drive, in the general alinement of the shafting, butvit is merely necessary to provide the "counter shaft 52 with its step-upgear train.

This feature enables`a straight drive shaft arrangement to be readilytransformed into this stepped up speed drive Without making general.alterations in the mechanism.

The body 60 of the rotary table is providedwith a projecting annular lipor apron 6,0a (see Fig. 2.) which covers the outer side of the;ball-race and keeps mud out of it. Thecnstomary locksrand pawls may be'provided on the drive shaft andthe regular universal coupling may beprovided for the drive shaft.

It is understood that the embodiment of the invention described hereinis only one of `the many embodiments this invention may take and we donot wish to be limited in the practice of our invention nor in ourclaims to the particular embodiment set forth.

IVhat we claim is:

l. In rotary well drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotarydrilling table, a cable drum for carrying a cable to support thedrillingtool in the well, power actuated means for driving the drum,means for disconnecting the power-drive to the drum at will, two-speedhand actuated mechanism, and means for connecting the same at will tothe drum for rotating the drum by hand at either speed. i

2. In rotary well/drilling apparatus, the combination ot a rotarydrilling table, means for driving the rotary table, a cable drum forcarrying a cable to support a tool in the well, means or driving thedrum including a clutch, a two-speed hand-driving mechanism for rotatingthe drum, means for opening the clutch to permit the drum to be rotatedby hand, and means for connecting the hand-driving mechanism to rotatethe drum by hand at either speed.

3. In rotary well drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotarydrilling table, means for driving the rotarytable, a cable drum forcarrying a cable to support a tool in the well, means ,for drivingthedrum including a clutch, alever for opening the clutch to permit thedrum to be rotated by hand. hand-driving` mechanism, and 'a clutch witha lever independent of the first named lever to connect the hand-drivingmechanism to the drum at will for rotating the same by hand. v

4. In rotary well drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotarydrilling table, means for driving thevrotary table, a cable drum forcarrying a cable to support a tool in the well, means for driving thevdrum including a clutch, a hand-driving mechanism for rotating the drumby hand and including means for driving the drum at a relatively lowspeed for raising the tool, and means for rotating the drum at arelatively higher speed for lowering the tool, means for opening theclutch to permit the drum to be rotated by hand, and means forconnecting the hand driving mechanism at will to tle drum shaft forrotating the drum by han( 5. In rotary well drilling apparatus, thecombination of a rotary drilling table, means for driving the rotarytable, a cable drum for carrying a cable to supporta tool in the/well,means for driving the drum including aA clutch, meansfor opening thesaid clutch to permit the drum to be rotated by hand, hand drivingmechanism including a gear train for rotating the. drum at a relativelylow speed in a direction to take up the cable and raise the drillingtool, and

also including another gear train-'for rotatinvthe drum at a relativelyhigher speed in a irection to pay out the cable and permit' the drillingtool to descend, and means for connecting the hand-driving mechanism atwill to the drum shaft for rotating the drum by hand. V

6. In a. rotary well drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotarydraw works mechanism including a cable drum for carrying a cable tosupport the drilling tool in the well, power driving means including aclutch for driving the drum, means for opening the clutch at will, ahand actuated member, a gear train capable of being driven by the handactuated member and connected with the drum to rotate the same at a lowspeed in a. direction to raise the tool, another gear train capable ofbeing driven by the hand actuated member for rotating the drum at arelatively higher speed in a direction to lower the tool`, clutch meanshaving a controlling member operating in one position to connect thehand actuated member to the drum through one of said gear trains andhaving another operative position for connecting the other gear trainwith the drum wherezby the tool may be raised or lowered by hand at willwhen the power clutch is open.

7. In a rotary well drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotarydrawworks mechanism, including a cable drum for carrying a cable to supportthe drilling tool in the well, power driving means including a clutchfor driving the drum, means for opening the clutch at will,hand-actuated mechanism Jfor rotating the draw works drum at a low speedto raise or lower the tool at will, with means for connecting the sameto the drum at will, shafting extending past the rotary draw-worksmechanism for driving the rotary table by power, and step-up mechanismassociated with the shafting and located between the rotary draw worksmechanism and the table.

8. In a rotary well drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary drawworks mechanism including a cable drum for carrying a cable to sup ortthe drilling tool in the well, power riving means including a clutch fordriving the drum, means for opening the clutch at will, hand-actuatedmechanism for rotating the draw works drum at a low speed to raise orlower the tool at will, with means for connecting the vsame to the drumat will, a driving shaft extendin under the drum and axially alined wlththe center of the rotary table, a driven shaft alined with the drivingshaft extending toward the table and havlng means for rotating therotary table, a counter-shaft parallel to the driving shaft and drivenshaft and located opposlte the adjacent ends of the driven shaft anddriving shaft, and

step up gearing betweeny the counter shaft and the other shafts fordriving the table at an increased speed ratio. v x 9. In a rotary welldrilling apparatus, the 5 combination of a rotary draw works mechanismincluding a cable drum for carrying a cable to support the drilling toolin the well, power drivingmeans including a clutch for driving the drum,means for opening, the clutch at` will, hand actuated mechanism with agear train for rotating the drum at a relatively low speed to rotate thesame slowly in a. direction to raise the drill tool, and including asecond gear train forrotating the drum at a relatively higher speed in adirection to lowerthe tool lin the well, a rotary table, a driving shaftextending under the drum with step-up gearing located between the drumand the table for rotating the table at an increased 'speed ratio.

10. In a rotary drilling apparatus, the

combination of a rotary draw works mechanism including a cable drum forcarrying a cable to support the drilling tool in the well, power drivingmeans including a clutch for drivngthe drum., means for opening theclutch at will, hand actuated mechanism for rotating the drum, a clutchfor connecting the same at will to the drum for rotating the drumrslowlyby hand at will to raise or lower thetool, a rotary table, sliafting fordriving the rotary table extending from a point near the drum and havinga pinion adjacent the rotary table for driving the same, said tablehaving a body with a gear ring carrying teeth 'shrunk onto the body, andstep-up gearing associated with the shafting for drivin the rotary tableat an increasedl speed ratlo.

EDWIN lW. GOESER. y WILLIAM C. MCDUFF IE.

